Cognomen Peñafiel (Peñafiel 
) , in the world, is quite a common last name. The surname Peñafiel is habitual in Latin America and the Caribbean, particularly Bolivia, where it is quite a rare surname, Ecuador, and Peru. In absolute terms, it is commonest in Latin America and the Caribbean, particularly Mexico, Ecuador, and Bolivia. Very seldom, Peñafiel is the forename as well as the last name.
| antonio peñafiel Mexican doctor, scientist and scholar who participated in founding the National Institute of Statistics and Geography, and in studying Mexico's pre-Columbian history and in documenting Native American languages, MX (b. 1831) |
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| emiliano lópez peñafiel Spanish author, ES (b. 1847) |
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josé juan jaime peñafiel núñez Spanish journalist, ES (b. 1932) |
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carlos fuentes peñafiel Spanish poet (1933-2009), ES (b. 1933) |
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adriana peñafiel Chilean politician, CL (b. 1950) |
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| antonio peñafiel ramón Spanish historian, ES (b. 1949) |
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| gonzalo arantegui peñafiel Spanish association football player, ES (b. 1977) |
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| cristian peñafiel Ecuadorian taekwondoin, EC |
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| pedro de peñafiel Roman Catholic bishop |
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| mariano peñafiel Chilean politician and businessman, CL |
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| rafael peñafiel researcher |
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| damián arias de peñafiel |
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| pedro de peñafiel ES |
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| richard alpidio peñafiel vera ES |
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| ricardo peñafiel CA |
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