Family name Chatelain (Chatelain 
, Châtelain 
, Шатлен 
) , throughout the world, is a common last name. The surname Chatelain is characteristic of France, where it is quite a common surname, Switzerland, and Eswatini, where it is quite a rare surname. Measured by absolute frequency, it is commonest in France, the United States, and Switzerland. Very seldom, Chatelain is the forename as well as the last name.
| VARIANT | COUNTRY |
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| Chatelain | Switzerland, Democratic Republic of the Congo, France, United States, Canada |
| Châtelain | Switzerland, Belgium, France, United States, Canada |
| Шатлен | Ukraine |
| henri chatelain FR (b. 1684) |
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| chatelain French engraver (1710-1771) (b. 1710) |
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| chatelain English engraver (1710-1758), FR (b. 1710) |
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charles-françois chatelain French architect (1802-1884), FR (b. 1802) |
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| jean henri chatelain Reverend (b. 1761) |
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eugène chatelain poet and journalist from France, FR (b. 1829) |
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| antoine chatelain French painter (1794-1859), FR (b. 1794) |
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| françois chatelain French poet and journalist (1801-1881), FR (b. 1801) |
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| clara de chatelain English writer and composer, GB (b. 1807) |
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héli chatelain Swiss missionary and linguist (1859-1908), CH (b. 1859) |
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| alexandre alfred chatelain French politician (1815-1884), FR (b. 1815) |
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| charles eynard chatelain CH (b. 1807) |
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| ernest le chatelain French politician, FR (b. 1825) |
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| emile chatelain French palaeographer, FR (b. 1851) |
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| urbain-victor chatelain French writer, FR (b. 1866) |
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