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Cognomen Nakayama (ナカヤマ , 中山 , Nakayama ) , around the globe, is a common surname. The surname Nakayama is habitual in Paraguay, where it is quite a rare surname, Japan, and Singapore, where it is a rare surname. In absolute terms, it is the most numerous in China, Japan, and Brazil. More prevalently, Nakayama is the forename as well as the last name.