Surname Харитонов (Харитонов 
, Charytonow 
, Haritonov 
, along with others...) , around the globe, is a common cognomen. The surname Харитонов is habitual in Russia, where it is quite a common surname, Belarus, and Kazakhstan, where it is quite a rare surname. Not in comparison with a country's population, it is the most numerous in Russia, Ukraine, and Kazakhstan.
| VARIANT | COUNTRY |
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| Харитонов | Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Russia, Belarus, Ukraine |
| Charytonow | Germany, United Kingdom, Australia, Poland, Argentina |
| Haritonov | Romania, Russia, Belarus, Moldova, United States |
| Charitonow | Germany, Poland, United States |
| Kharitonov | Germany, Russia, Belarus, United States, Afghanistan |
| Kharytonov | Germany, Czechia, Spain, United States, Poland |
| Charitonov | Germany, United States, Argentina, Canada, Lithuania |
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харитонов, пётр алексеевич RU (b. 1852) |
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иван михайлович харитонов Russian saint (1870-1918), RU (b. 1870) |
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харитонов, константин петрович politician, RU (b. 1881) |
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дмитро іванович харитонов Russian merchant, filmmaker, founder and owner of the Kharitonov Trading House (1886-1946), FR (b. 1886) |
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харитонов, дмитрий евстратьевич arachnologist (1896-1970), RU (b. 1896) |
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фёдор михайлович харитонов Soviet general, RU (b. 1899) |
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харитонов, фёдор алексеевич RU (b. 1903) |
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харитонов, пётр тимофеевич Hero of the Soviet Union (1916-1987), UA (b. 1916) |
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| иван харитонов RU (b. 1859) |
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харитонов, андрей ермолаевич RU (b. 1916) |
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| харитонов, николай васильевич Russian painter (1880-1944), RU (b. 1880) |
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харитонов, леонид михайлович Russian singer (1933-2017), RU (b. 1933) |
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| харитонов, моисей маркович (1887-1948), RU (b. 1887) |
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харитонов, валерий георгиевич Russian painter, RU (b. 1939) |
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харитонов, анатолий михайлович RU (b. 1931) |
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