Family name Tschernjajew (Черняев 
, Tschernjajew 
) , throughout the world, is a common surname. The surname Tschernjajew is characteristic of Russia, where it is quite a rare surname, Kazakhstan, and Belarus.
| VARIANT | COUNTRY |
|---|---|
| Черняев | Kazakhstan, Russia, Kyrgyzstan, Belarus, Ukraine |
| Tschernjajew | Germany |
Cherniaev, Chernyaev, and Czerniajew