Cognomen Payko (Payko 
, Пайко 
) , globally, is a rare last name. The cognomen Payko is habitual in Belarus, where it is a rare surname, Russia, where it is a very rare surname, and Kazakhstan. Measured by absolute frequency, it is commonest in Eastern Europe, particularly Russia, Belarus, and Ukraine. More frequently, Payko is the forename as well as the last name.