Family name Neilson (Neilson 
, نيلسون 
, Нилсон 
) , globally, is a common surname. The last name Neilson is characteristic of New Zealand, where it is quite a common surname, Australia, and the United Kingdom, where it is quite a rare surname. Not in comparison with a country's population, the name is most common in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Australia. Likewise, Neilson is the forename as well as the last name.
| VARIANT | COUNTRY |
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| Neilson | United Kingdom, Australia, United States, Canada, Brazil |
| نيلسون | Sudan, Libya |
| Нилсон | Russia |
| נילסון | Israel |
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john neilson American military officer, merchant, politician from New Brunswick, New Jersey (1745-1833), US (b. 1745) |
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| james neilson merchant from New Brunswick, New Jersey, US (b. 1700) |
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samuel neilson Irish nationalist (b. 1761) |
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| jacques neilson French tapestry weaver, 1714-1788, GB (b. 1714) |
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| john neilson Doctor (1717–1745) from New Brunswick, New Jersey, GB (b. 1717) |
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john neilson Scots-Quebecer newspaper editor and politician (1776-1848), CA (b. 1776) |
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| helen neilson (1739-1806) (b. 1739) |
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james beaumont neilson Scottish inventor of the hot-blast process for smelting iron, GB (b. 1792) |
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cornelia neilson Peerage person ID=249651 (b. 1814) |
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| john neilson carpenter and architect, GB (b. 1770) |
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| william neilson Neilson, William [Uilliam Mac Néill] (1774–1821), minister of the Presbyterian General Synod of Ulster and grammarian (b. 1774) |
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| john neilson American physician (1775-1857), US (b. 1775) |
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| john neilson Neilson, John (1778–1839), grocer and benefactor (b. 1778) |
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| james neilson American military officer and merchant from New Brunswick, New Jersey, US (b. 1784) |
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| abraham schuyler neilson 10 Sep 1792 New Brunswick, New Jersey - 30 June 1861 (b. 1792) |
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