Cognomen Leib (Leib 
, לייב , Лейб 
) , in the world, is quite a common family name. The surname Leib is characteristic of Israel, where it is quite a common surname, Estonia, where it is quite a rare surname, and Germany. Measured by absolute frequency, it is the most numerous in Germany, the United States, and Israel. Very seldom, Leib is the forename as well as the last name.
| kilian leib German historian, DE (b. 1471) |
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| johannes leib German jurist, lawyer and physician, DE (b. 1591) |
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| christoph der jüngere leib DE (b. 1599) |
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| david ben aryeh leib Polish rabbi (b. 1650) |
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| johann georg leib (b. 1670) |
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| he-ḥasid jehiel michael ben judah leib (b. 1680) |
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michael leib American politician (1760-1822), US (b. 1760) |
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| leib sarah's rabbi (b. 1730) |
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mani leib Yiddish-language poet, US (b. 1883) |
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| leibush lewisohn Hebrew and Yiddish writer (1843?–1904), PL (b. 1840) |
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| georg leib German businessman, DE (b. 1846) |
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| leib feuer holocaust victim, b. 1850-01-10, AT (b. 1850) |
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| leib auerbach holocaust victim, b. 1859-08-30, CZ (b. 1859) |
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| leib hecht Victim of the Holocaust, PL (b. 1860) |
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| leib loschinski holocaust victim, b. 1860-04-06, CZ (b. 1860) |
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