Cognomen Третьяков (Третьяков 
, Tretyakov 
, Tretiakov 
, and others...) , around the world, is a common surname. The cognomen Третьяков is characteristic of Belarus, where it is quite a common surname, Russia, and Kazakhstan. Not in comparison with a country's population, it most frequently occurs in Russia, Ukraine, and Kazakhstan.
| VARIANT | COUNTRY |
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| Третьяков | Ukraine, Belarus, Russia, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan |
| Tretyakov | Belarus, Israel, Russia, United States, Czechia |
| Tretiakov | Belarus, Russia, Germany, United States, Czechia |
| Tret'Yakov | Belarus, Ukraine, Russia, Czechia, Bulgaria |
| Tret'Jakov | Belarus |
| Tretjakow | Canada, Germany |
| третьяков, иван андреевич RU (b. 1735) |
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павел третьяков Russian businessman (1832-1898), RU (b. 1832) |
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третьяков, сергей михайлович Russian philanthropist and patron of the arts, RU (b. 1834) |
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третьяков, николай александрович Russian general, RU (b. 1854) |
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сергей михайлович третьяков Russian writer-artist, LV (b. 1892) |
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третьяков, анатолий тихонович Soviet politician (1899-1978), RU (b. 1899) |
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третьяков, алексей ильич RU (b. 1914) |
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третьяков, николай спиридонович RU (b. 1918) |
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третьяков, аким акимович KZ (b. 1924) |
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| третьяков, дмитрий константинович UA (b. 1878) |
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| третьяков, николай васильевич EE (b. 1880) |
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третьяков, валерий степанович Soviet and Russian general, RU (b. 1941) |
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| третьяков, сергей николаевич RU (b. 1882) |
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третьяков, виктор викторович Russian musician, RU (b. 1946) |
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| третьяков, виктор васильевич LV (b. 1888) |
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